Bedankt voor je repliek Willemina, ik ga je antwoorden met een paar stukken uit de manual of unitarian belief. Sorry dat het in het Engels is maar ik vind het wel noodzakelijk deze teksten weer te geven in het licht van deze discussie.
LESSON XIX.
THE FUTURE LIFE.
§ 61. Unitarians believe that the future life will be a continuation of the present life, with opportunity for further growth and development. They think that every man will go "to his place,"‹the place where he belongs, the place where it is best for him to be. Jesus says, "In my Father's house are many mansions; if it were not so I would have told you" (John xiv. 2).
§ 62. According to the New Testament outward death‹what we call death ‹is nothing; it is merely the soul laying down its present instruments in order to take up others. The only real death is the soul's death; that is, sin, ignorance, unbelief. The soul which lives in sin is dead in its higher faculties. Christ comes to raise us out of this spiritual death into spiritual life; and then we say, "The law of the spirit of life, in Christ Jesus, hath made me free from the law of sin and death" (Rom. viii. 2). The Apostle says that Jesus has "abolished death" (2 Tim. i. 10); and Christ says of himself, "I am the resurrection and the life' (John xi. 25). The truth and love and influence of Christ are the resurrection of the soul, just as they are the life of the soul. The resurrection is spiritual resurrection, as the life is spiritual life. When Jesus says, "And this is the will of him that sent me, that every one which seeth the Son and believeth on him may have everlasting life, and I will raise him up at the last day" (John vi. 40), he does not speak of the resurrection of the body, but of the principle of spiritual life which he communicates to the soul.
When we believe that God cares for us, that he loves us, we are free from the fear of death. We trust ourselves entirely to our faithful Creator, and say, "Into thy hands, O Lord, l commit my spirit," sure that when with him we are always safe.
LESSON XX.
PROBATION, JUDGMENT, AND RETRIBUTION.
§ 63. We often hear it said that this life is a state of probation; but we believe it to resemble rather a school, where we are to be educated for a better and higher life hereafter. The trials and sorrows of this life are a wholesome discipline, meant to unfold and strengthen the powers of the soul. We are to learn here the difference between right and wrong, between truth and error,‹learn to form habits of goodness, learn to love and trust God, learn to live with our fellow-men as brethren. To do this, we must often examine and prove ourselves, and thus find out our strength and our weakness. In this sense life can be said to be a period of probation. God does not need to prove us to find out what we are. "All things are naked and opened unto the eyes of him with whom we have to do" (Heb. iv. 13).
§ 64. The Judgments to come, like the Judgments of this life, are probably different for each individual soul. The Day of Judgment arrives when any one comes to know himself as he really is, and is seen by others in his true character. Our conscience demands a Divine judgment on all human conduct and character; not so much that the good shall be rewarded and the wicked punished, as that goodness which has been misunderstood shall be justified, and that wicked ness which has passed for goodness shall be exposed; that wrongs shall be righted, and that men shall see the justice of God. It is also necessary for a man's own moral progress that he shall be undeceived if he is deceiving himself. But just so far as a man is able to see his sin here, and is ready to confess it and to repent of it, so far he makes the judgments of the future life less necessary for him. Therefore it is said, "If we would judge ourselves we should not be judged" (1 Cor. xi. 31). "If we confess our sins, he is faithful and just to forgive us our sins, and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness" (1 John i. 9). In John v. 22 it is said, "The Father judgeth no man, but hath committed all judgment unto the Son." Elsewhere Christ says, "I judge no man" (John viii. 15). These passages are harmonized by the saying of Jesus, "The word that I have spoken, the same shall judge him in the last day" (John xii. 48). The truth which Christ taught is to be our standard, and by it we shall be judged. The essential thing in the judgment to come we believe to be the manifestation of truth to every man's conscience in the sight of God,‹ to see ourselves as we are, and God as he is.
§ 65. Unitarians believe that future retribution comes from the operation of the same laws which produce retribution here. By the everlasting principles of Divine Providence, right-doing tends to moral health, peace, and spiritual growth; wrong-doing, to moral disease and suffering. These laws are beneficent in their operation in this world and in all worlds. All punishment is intended to reform us and to do us good. This principle of the Divine government is expressed in Heb. xii. 10, where it is said that the Father of spirits chastens us "for our profit, that we might be partakers of his holiness."
LESSON XXI.
HEAVEN AND HELL.
§ 66. Unitarians do not believe that hereafter there will be two distinct and separate worlds,‹ one for the good and the other for the wicked,‹the one of perfect unchanging happiness, the other of entire and unchanging misery. The "great gulf" (Luke xvi. 26) between the good and the bad man in this and in all worlds consists in the everlasting distinction between good and evil. So long as one is in the hell of selfish desire and will, no consoling drop of heavenly content can be brought to him. Unitarians believe in many hells and many heavens, according to the character and condition of each person. They believe that the purpose of future suffering will be reformatory and not vindictive; and that if a man is selfish and wilful, it is best for him to suffer the consequences of these evils in order to become better.
§ 67. Unitarians oppose the common doctrine of everlasting punishment as being hostile to the sovereignty, wisdom, justice, and mercy of the Divine Being, and also as limiting the redeeming power of Christ and his Gospel. They believe that, the object of punishment being reformatory, it will only continue until the sinner shall be reformed.
If it be said that we have no right to reason from human justice and mercy to that of God, we answer, 1. That all we know of justice must come from the principle of justice implanted in the human consciousness by God himself; 2. That Jesus himself compares the love of the Heavenly Father with the love of the earthly parent, and shows us from an example of imperfect goodness what we may believe that the Divine goodness will do for us (Matt. vii. 9-11).
The doctrine of everlasting punishment tends to destroy faith in the redeeming and conquering power of the Gospel; for in that we are taught that goodness is stronger than evil, that love is able to conquer all sin, and that it is the pleasure of the Father to reconcile all things on the earth or in heaven to himself by Jesus Christ (Col. i. 20).
When Jesus declared (Luke xv. 7) that "joy shall be in heaven over one sinner that repenteth more than over ninety and nine just persons which need no repentance," he implied that the grief in heaven over one lost soul would outweigh the joy over ninety and nine that are saved, and that even the angels cannot be happy while one sinner turns himself away from the love which is waiting to bless him.